Investigating the Attitude of Functionalism to Man and its Impact on the Fundamental Human Rights

The anthropological attitude of various schools of thought has an impact on understanding the basis and source of human fundamental rights as well as understanding its scope. One of the important sociological schools is functionalism, whose theorists offer a special perception of the status and nature of mankind as the core of fundamental human rights. Using an analytical and documentive approach, the present paper seeks to explain the concept of man from the functional point of view and the effect of this kind of attitude on fundamental human rights. The findings of the research show that functionalists, by focusing on society and denying the independent will of individuals, reject human’s inherent right to humanity Also, with pessimism towards human and his/her conditions, they regard the preservation of order and balance of society and increase in the function of individuals in the social system as the main criteria for the establishment of fundamental human rights.