Vitamin D deficiency predicts the ST elevation type of myocardial infarction in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

According to studies, a significant association exists between the low levels of vitamin D and cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction (MI).
In a prospective, case control study, 88 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) including ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and Non-STEMI were enrolled. The plasma level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D[25(OH)D] was obtained at the time of acute MI. To assess the association between study variables logestic regression analysis was used.
The overall rate of vitamin D deficiency was documented in 59.1% with the significantly higher prevalence rate in STEMI group (77.5% versus 43.7%; p = 0.001). In STEMI group, the plasma level of 25(OH) vitamin D significantly was lower than non-STEMI group (13.5 ±7.7 versus 24.3±14.9; p = 0.001). Vitamin D deficiency was the main predictor in occurring the ST elevation type of MI (Odd ratio: 8.1, 95% CI: 2.3 – 28.2; p = 0.001).
The results of present study demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency was associated with occurring of ST elevation type of MI among ACS patients. Large studies are needed to confirm these findings.