The Study of the Effect of the Harvest Time and the Duration of Essential Oil Extraction on the Fragrant Compounds of Artemisia Absinthium L. in Natural Vegetatives

Absenthium, a plant of the compositae family, is a grass which is static and has the height between 40-60 cm and even one meter which grows naturally in the heights of up to 2000 meters. In this study, the flowering twigs of Absenthium were collected from the natural vegetatives in Kojur area of Nowshahr in three time intervals: in the morning (at 6 a.m.), at noon (at 12), and in the afternoon (at 20 p.m.) in khordard, 1387, and then the samples were dried under the shade condition. Then the essential oil was distilled and collected in two different time intervals (two hours and four hours) by the Klonger apparatus and then was injected into GC and GC-mass for the analysis. Based on the dry weight of the plant, the output of the essential oil samples obtained in the morning, at noon and in the afternoon were 0.97%, 1.17%, and 1.12% after two hours, and 0.92%, 1.02%, 0.97% after 4 hours respectively. This shows that the amount of essential oil in the afternoon sample was greater than the other samples. Of the 20 extracted compounds, ß-Thujone, 1,8 Cineole, ß -Pinene, ∂- Phellanderene were the main ones after 2 hours, and 2-Ethyl, 4-Methyl, 1- Phenil, 1,3 Pentadien, Nuciferol , 7-Ethyl, 1,4 Dimethylazulene and Germacrene D were indentified as the major components after 4 hours.