Ganoderic Acid and Exopolysaccharide Production by Ganoderma Lucidum from Semi-Solid-State and Submerged Fermentation

Production of Ganoderic acid (GA) and Exopolysaccharide (EPS) with using beneficial fermentation strategy has received great attention recently. The aim of present study is comparison of GA and EPS production by G. lucidium in submerge, Semi-Solid and Solid-State fermentation. Potato dextrose Agar (PDA) for cultivation of G. lucidum was used. A modified medium formulation for Semi-Solid-State fermentation was also used with both submerged and Solid-State cultivation advantages. The optimized media components and main effects, such as carbone source, inducers, and aeration were studied with using Taguchi orthogonal array design. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) was used to detect GA in mycelium and fruiting body of G. lucidum and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to detect EPSs in submerged fermentation. Findings showed that the increase of GA in Semi-Solid-State fermentation (256 µg/g) with a combination of wheat bran 9g/L, oak chips 13g/L but without aeration. Findings showed that EPS production in submerged fermentation was more noticeable than Semi-Solid-State and Solid-State fermentation. In submerged fermentation with a combination of malt 20%, glucose 4%, sucrose 2% and with aeration 98.3±3.78mg/g EPS were observed. FTIR band in 890 Cm-1 indicated the presence of polysaccharides. Discussion and conclusion: Among the three sets of formulations, results showed that Semi-Solid-State fermentation is the most appropriate culture for GA production and submerged fermentation is the most appropriate culture for EPS production. Finally, we suggest Semi-Solid-State fermentation for both GA and EPS production using wholly submerged glucose and oak chips enriched solid particle.