A History of Distributional Development and Accumulative Development (A Study on Two Approaches toward Development: Islamic and Modernization of the Old)

Development and modernization have a history as long as the human history; however, the relevant theoretical discussions and theorizations formed mostly after world war the second. Just the same, the relationship and association of these issues with the religious instructions, particularly the Shiite ones, have remained ambiguous. Of course, some suggestions have been presented after the Islamic revolution in this regard; however, they are not enough. Therefore, the questionswhich still remain to be answered are whether there are any views concerning the issue of the theoretical development; and how they differ from the western views. It seems that the development model based on the previous modernization theories, which believed in the principle of the contrast between the traditionalism and modernism, are based on accumulation of wealth, and the first principle to be considered for them is negligence toward justice. However, the Shiite Islamic approach relies on distribution of the wealth and it emphasizes on the flow of the wealth, growth and development. The present article is the report of a comparative study of two development approaches, i.e. distributional and accumulative. The distributional model is based on the divine‐Islamic values; however, the western development model is based on discovering the nature in order to manipulate it, and it is a materialist approach.