Identification of genetic diversity between common Sistan wheat cultivars based on resistance genes to rust diseases by microsatellite marker

To evaluate genetic diversity between Sistan common wheat cultivars, it was used 10 SSRs primers associated to stem, leaf and yellow rusts resistance genes. The lowest (3) and highest (7) allele number were generated by 12C, SCS719 and Xgdm116 primers and Xgwm443 primer, respectively (4.55 allele per each primer). The highest genetic diversity (0.39) and MI (2.29) was related to Xgdm116 and Xgwm533 primers, respectively; also, the lowest genetic diversity (0.1) and MI (0.33) was related to Xcfd36 primer. Xgdm36 primer showed the highest Ne, Shannon diversity and Nei diversity (1.45, 0.63 and 0.44, respectively); on the other hand, Xcfd36 primer the lowest Ne, Shannon diversity and Nei diversity (1.18, 0.19 and 0.11, respectively). The highest polymorphic bands between wheat cultivars were related to Arg. Arg and Aflak showed the least diversity for resistance to yellow rust and leaf rust, respectively. Also, Arg had the highest diversity for three types of rusts. The Xgdm116, Xwmc810 and SCS719 primers had more effect on identification of wheat cultivars. Finally, Arg cultivar can be recommended as a donor parent in wheat breeding programs for rust resistance. To gain the highest heterosis, it can be suggested hybridization between Arg and Hirmand cultivars.