The most common commercial Nano - catalysts for hydroconversion process

One of the modern methods of upgrading heavy crude oil and petroleum cuts is hydro-conversion process. In this process, the ultra fine (nano-scale) catalyst particlesin the form of suspensions added to heavy feed stocks and lead to heavy compounds cracked into lighter products in the presence of hydrogen. The presence of dispersed catalysts in the range of 500 to 2000 ppm prevent the formation of excessive coke and the relatively low amount of coke formed in the process, accumulate around the catalyst particles and egress together with products. In this article, some of the most commercial Nano-catalysts for hydro-conversion process were introduced. Catalyst precursors of this process are typically in situ Ultra-dispersed (unsupported) metal-based (Iron, molybdenum, nickel, or a combination of several kinds of metal) that active in contact with feed where reactions occur. Because the Zeolite catalysts tend to poisoning at cracking reactions, in a few cases they are used for hydro-conversion of heavy oil and residue. However, in recent years, a very stable Y-Zeolite (USY), which has increased stability against heat and steam, is widely used.