Efflux Pump Inhibitors Derived From Natural Sources as Novel Antibacterial Agents Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A Review

Infections resulting from Pseudomonas aeruginosa are important due to their highest resistance against all clinically used antibiotics. To date, 11 different efflux pumps of the RND family in P. aeruginosa that enable the efflux of antibiotics/anti-microbial production have been detected. Carvacrol of Satureja khuzestanica is one of the most effective compounds with the ability to affect bacteria. This study aimed to evaluate herbal compounds with inhibitory activities. These pumps include MexAB-OprM, MexCD-OprJ, MexEF-OprN, MexGHI-OpmD, MexJK-OprM/OpmH, MexMN, MexPQ-OpmE, MexVW-OprM, MexXY-OprM, TriABC-OpmH, and MuxABC-OpmB (1). Unfortunately, among bacteria, P. aeruginosa are highly resistant to drug compounds (3). Because of this high resistance, its importance in nosocomial infections and burns, and that it often causes diseases in immunocompromised patients, finding a therapeutic supplement is essential. In this study, drug compounds against efflux pump genes were sought.