Safety of nanoparticles and evaluation of nanotoxicity

Nanotechnology, the science of manipulating of materials with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers, has been developed in various categories of science and industries and settled in everyday life of people. Over the last years, there has been an increase in awareness of the potential risks associated with manufactured nanomaterials. Hazards of free nanoparticles in manufactured products as well as their unknown effects and unpredictable reactions with biological molecules are of the most important concerns. Along with the mentioned hazards, easy bioavailability and their unusual toxicokinetic also make the nanoparticles a potential hazard for human health. In this article we discuss the potential toxic effects and the methods of toxicological studies of nanoparticles, in order to establish and revise the related regulations and standards needed for risk assessment and safety evaluation of nanoproducts, prior releasing to the market.