Phytochemical and antimicrobial activity of Monechma ciliatum (black mahlab) seed extracts

The purpose of present study was to examine and validate the folk's claim of inhalation of Monechma ciliatum seeds powder by traditional African natives for cold and allergic conditions, so as to formulate a useful therapeutic agent to respiratory tract infections. Different extracts were bio-assayed in vitro for their bioactivity to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Bacteria and fungi selected in the study were common pathogens for respiratory tract infections.  Klebsiella pneumoniae was highly sensitive to the hydroalcoholic extract (maceration by 70% ethanol and 30% water) and moderately sensitive to the extract (maceration by water). Staphylococcus aureus was found to be moderately sensitive to the hydroalcoholic extract (maceration by 70% ethanol 30% water). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was resistance to all extract used. In addition, all fungi used were found to be resistance to all extracts. Phytochemical screening test results of seeds of Monechma ciliatum to detect the major constituents showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, triterpens, and anthraquinones. The findings of study support the traditional uses of the plant in the therapy of respiratory tract infections. The extracts of black mahlab could be used in future direction as alternative therapeutic agents for the treatment of human's respiratory tract infectious diseases caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus.