A Structural Study of the Dichotomy between City and Village in the Ode ‘Maghtal al-Qamar’ Written by Amal Dongol

The ode ‘Maghtal al-Qamar’ is a poem written by Amal Dongol, an Egyptian poet, after his experience of human life in the village. In this ode, his dichotomy and bipolar approach to city and village is expressed in an encoded manner. In this poem, the poet, relying on the storytelling technique, created a sad scene together with sorrow and grief for the audience. This ode consists of four sections of dramatic narrative. This research is a structural research based on a descriptive-analytical method that examines the structure of this ode in five levels of audio, syntax, grammar, terminology, semantics, and codes. The results of the research indicate that the poet at the audio level has a poetic weight proportional to the dramatic atmosphere of the ode, and at the syntax level has used the various declarative, nominal, and verbal statements; and at the grammar level has used a lot of past verbs. At the level of terminology, the words of the ode are simple in appearance but have complex and obscure meanings. At the level of semantics, the poet uses artistic images such as simile, metaphor, and so on to express his feelings. At the level of the codes, the poet uses religious myths such as Christ and the Prophet Yusuf, portrays the lack of dependence of urbanite on authentic values. From the beginning to the end, this ode is full of mystery and duality, and structural readings can play an important role in reopening the text nodes and attaining the meaning of the ode.