Analytical review Effective Criteria on the presence of Pedestrian in the Islamic city with a comparative Viewpoint to the neighborhoods of Mashhad

The emergence of urbanization problems and, consequently, the decline in the quality of citizen lives in the urban fabric have led the experts to find a way to adjust the conditions of the human environment. Paying attention to the presence of pedestrians in urban spaces is one of the effective ways to improve the quality of urban areas. Unfortunately, due to the dominance of cars in cities, they have become the center of attention, causing pedestrians to be isolated in urban fabric. Mashhad, as one of the major metropolises of Iran, welcomes many tourists and pilgrims every year, which has adversely affected the traffic spread to the central, middle and even outer city neighborhoods. The main objective of this research is to achieve qualitative and environmental measures that are effective in improving the presence level of pedestrians in urban areas, as well as analyzing and evaluating these criteria and their priority level in the context of Mashhad neighborhoods. The research method is descriptive, analytical and case study. To this end, based on library resources and documents, theoretical discussions about the factors affecting the presence of pedestrians in urban neighborhoods have been discussed and effective components and indicators have been extracted. The extracted components are divided into two environmental and functional dimensions and analyzed in six neighborhoods of Mashhad. The results of this research show that although the attention to environmental criteria is evident in contemporary urban areas, but qualitative criteria have a higher quality in inner context of Mashhad. The inner context of Mashhad has preserved its identity and environmental qualities while the new constructions and growing presence of cars convey a different image from the identity of this urban fabric.