Comparison of native populations and commercial cultivars of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) for yield, yield components, and qualitative characteristics under different seasonal cultivation

In order to compare native populations and commercial cultivars of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.), a factorial experiment was conducted in three growing seasons (March 10, June 5 and August 15) in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Iranshahr city, Sistan and Baluchistan province, in 2017. Qualitative traits (the percentage of protein, carbohydrate, chlorophyll, and gum), yield and its components were measured. The results showed that the effect of planting season and genotype (native populations and commercial cultivars) on plant height was significant at 1% level. The Mean comparison showed that "Pishen" population × August 15 planting and "Grembit" population × March 10 planting interactions had the highest and lowest growth periods, respectively. The highest number of pods per plant was obtained in the interaction of "Grembit" population × 10 March planting. Also, the interactions of "Sarbaz" and "Grembit" populations × March 10 planting and "Grembit" × June 5 planting caused the highest amount of seed in the plant. The highest weight of seeds was obtained in the interactions of "Sarbaz", "Grembit" and "Dalgan" populations × March 10 planting, and the lowest one in the interactions of "HG-563" cultivar × August 15 planting and "RGC-1033" cultivar × March 10 planting. "Saravan" population on August 15 planting time had the highest carbohydrate percentage. The interactions of "Grembit" × June 5 and March 10 plantings and "RGC-986" × June 5 planting had the highest protein percentage and "RGC-986" × June 5 planting had the highest gum percentage. According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that Iranian guar populations are very important for the shortest growth period (premature), protein percentage, seed yield, number of pods per plant, and seed weight, and could be suggested in breeding programs of the species.