Development of exosome based drug delivery system for cancer treatment: a comprehensive review

In the present era, prevalence of cancer is increasing all over the world. So far, a variety of methods have been used to cure and stop cancer, but this disease resistance to current anticancer drugs has created a new need to new pharmaceutical compounds and drug delivery system. Immune deficiency can lead to tumor growth and progression. Therefore, cancer immunotherapy is amongst methods that prevent tumor growth. Exosomes are normal nano- carriers which have been distributed widely in the body fluids and are involved in various diseases processes, including tumorigenic. Exosomes have various advantages. They are non-toxic and non- immunogenic, they are capable of being designed to determine specific target and deliver drug. Therefore, they are used as a strong nano-structure to present anti-cancer drugs with the aim to treat cancer. This method has advanced to ease its usage in medical programs and biotechnology techniques. In this review paper, we investigate the development of Exosomes-based drug delivery systems over time and its advantages and functions. Effectiveness studies on exosome nano-particles using cancer cells and biological models as well as clinical trial are also discussed.