Effect of allelopathic aqueous extract of leave and corm (Crocus sativus L.) on germination criteria of rye(Secale cereale L.) and oats (Avena ludoviciana L.)

Nowadays, in response to the consequences of herbicide application and gradual reduction of farm crops, suitable biological methods have been identified to control the weeds.In this respect allelopathic can be show useful potential for biological to control of weeds.Soin order to evaluate the allelopathic effects of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) corm and leave aqueous concentrations on germination characteristics and preliminary growth of tow weed species including rye (Secale cereale L.) and oat (Avena ludoviciana L.), A factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with three replications at Seed Science laboratory of faculty of agriculture in University of Birjand during 2015.Treatments included saffron organs at 2 levels (leaves and corms) and water extract concentrations at 5 levels (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 percent). Studied traits were germination percentage, rate of germination, radicle length, root fresh weight, root dry weight and mean germination time.Results showed that the organs and aqueous concentrations of saffron had significant effects on all evaluated traits in two weeds.The lowest seed germination percentage of rye and oat were observed at 2% concentrations of corm and leaves extracts (up to74/6% and 66/6% reduction compared to control, respectively). Also the rate of germination of oat decreased (up to 50% compared to control) with 2% concentration of extract but the rate of germination on rye was not significantly affected by extract concentrations. Based on orthogonal comparison tests, the allelopathic inhibition effects was more of saffron leaves on rye and oat.