A systematic Review on Wisdom-Oriented Leadership: a Meta-synthesis Study

The subject of wisdom-oriented leadership is one of the approaches which are recently entered the field of management and leadership and can solve the problems against environmental complexities. Since the topics posed in this field have been desultory worked on some aspects of wisdom-oriented leadership and not very comprehensive models and theories have been observed in this field, the purpose of the present research is to recognize the elements of wisdom-oriented leadership based on researches conducted in this field and it has been conducted according to meta-synthesis method. The findings of this research show that wisdom-oriented leadership was divided into 5 dimensions namely organizational dimensions with elements of intuition and insight, decision-making based on intuition and reason, foresight, knowledge increasing, servant leadership, organizational learning, effective and right action; humanistic dimension with elements of employers’ enablement, inspirational motivation, individual considerations, social asset; political dimension with organizational continuity and convergence, and environmental conditions; cultural dimension with elements of perceiving culture and cultural values, cultural transmit, and ethical dimension with arbitration of ethical space and personality specifications of leader.