An Overview of the Functional and Antimicrobial Properties of Chitosan in Food Preservation

Chitin, chitosan and oligosaccharides derived from them, due to their antimicrobial, non-toxic and biodegradable activity have presented themselves as a versatile, flexible and promising compound for the future uses. Among the various applications of these antimicrobial compounds, packaging is one of the most important systems for improving the quality of food and its protection during the process and storage, which is unique in this regard. Antimicrobial packaging is also effective in increasing the shelf life of food. In addition, the functional properties of chitin, chitosan, and oligosaccharide films are enhanced by combining with other film-forming coatings. In this context, understanding the factors affecting antimicrobial activity and the mechanism of action of chitin and chitosan is an important factor in the optimal use of the elements used in the food industry.