Investigating the Influence of Various Measurements and Sensor Arrangements on Target Location Estimation by Processing the Surveillance Signals in Multi-Transmitter Multi-Receiver Passive Radar

Passive radar research has many applications in military and commercial fields. In this paper, we investigate the scenarios of surveillance signal processing in multi-transmitter and multi-receiver passive radar. These scenarios include centralized processing of the received signals reflected from the target at the central sensor and decentralized processing of the reflected signals at the receiving sensors. Different types of possible measurements including time difference of arrival (TDOA), gain ratio of arrival (GROA), angle of arrival (AOA), and their combinations are presented under different scenarios. To calculate TDOA and GROA measurements, the centralized processing and for calculation of AOA measurements, the decentralized processing of surveillance signals are performed. The impact of different signal processing scenarios and types of measurements on the efficiency of target location estimation has been investigated by the CRLB. As shown in the simulation results, the combined use of the measurements is always better than their individual employment and, the far-field placement of receiving sensors, significantly improves the efficiency.