Production and Investigation of Properties of Biodiesel Produced from Used Oil Catalyzed by Barium Ferrite Loading by Potassium Hydroxide

Nowadays, biodiesels are a replacement for diesel fuels because they have low pollution and they are renewable. They are usually used from vegetable oils which have high costs. The waste oils and non-edible oils are replacement for the vegetable to produce biodiesels. The catalytic biodiesel production is a route to decrease the costs.  In this research, biodiesel was produced by esterification from the used oils in restaurants in the presence of magnetic K2O/BaFe2O4. The nanomagnetic catalyst was investigated by Fourier transforms infrared (FT-IR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Moreover, the biodiesel properties were matched with ASTM6751. The performance of a cylinder engine (M8/1) at the speeds of 1300-2000 rpm, with the Biodiesel/Gasoil ratio of 10%, 20%, and 30% was investigated. The results showed the best performance for B20% due to its complete combustion leading an increase in power and momentum of the engine. The consumption of the fuels was increased because of the low thermal heat value. The emission of CO and UHC decreased 73% rather than diesel, but the NOx emission increased 32% more compared to diesel fuels. Generally, the B20 was the optimum ratio at all tests and motor speeds. Finally, it is recommended from the aspects of economical and optimal fuel consumptions.