Production and maintenance of artificial seeds in plants

Artificial seed production in plants with poor seedling production or low seed vigor is an efficient method, so this technology is an excellent method for keeping selected germplasm, reproduction of rare hybrids, genotypes Different plants and transgenic plants that are expensive and inaccessible. Synthetic seed is in fact the use of propagation units such as somatic embryos, propagules such as (lateral buds, nodules and end buds) or meristic portions that can be encapsulated in the coating Hydrogel alginate to germinate and transform into a real seed with the aim of adapting seedlings grown under laboratory or field conditions. Optimization of endosperm conditions in artificial seeds increases germination efficiency, conversion and adaptation of seedlings. Selection of culture medium, plant growth promoters such as root and stem stimulating hormones, stimulants Temperature, etc., help to grow seedlings. Different researchers have suggested different materials for the production of artificial endosperm that the growth hormones of auxin and cytokinin and MS medium are the most important ones, as these substances increase seed efficiency in order to produce seedlings It is stronger and more capable of growing in non-laboratory environments.