Fabrication and Characterization of Porous BioceramicMagnetite Biocomposite for Maxillofacial Fractures Application

Advantages of using porous bio-nanocomposite scaffolds for maxillofacial fracture application and optimizing the internal surfaces of synthetic grafts using nanotechnology can accelerate the bone cell adhesion, mechanical properties and absorption rates. There are various studies that have been performed on porous scaffold, especially for the fractured and destroyed parts of the facial bones. The aim of this study was to investigate the experimental and numerical analysis of the porous scaffold, which undertakes static and dynamic loading conditions.

The maxillofacial bone was modeled using the solid works software, and then it was inserted into the Abaqus software to achieve a more precise model that utilizes an isotropic linear substance. Thereafter, a proper micromechanical model reported evaluating the elastic modulus response on porosity value using various models. Additionally, an experimental analysis was conducted on a new calcium silicate (CS) bioceramic reinforced with magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) using the space holder technique coated with the gentamicin drug loaded on gelatin polymer. The response of the bio-nanocomposites shape, which corresponds to different MNPs’ weight fractions, was determined using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques.

The analysis of the scaffold implant showed that it is tightened at a torque of stiffness of 3 mm in the implant, which leads to high mechanical tension. The results showed that the elastic modulus of the nanocomposites increased from 60±5 MPa to 145±5 MPa with increasing 15 wt% MNPs to the calcium silicate nanoparticles.

The results indicated that addition of 15 wt% MNPs to the based bioceramics increased both compression strength and decrease the porosity value.