A Review of the Association Between Demographic, Laboratory, and Angiographic Findings and Major Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Interventions

Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. With the increasing number of elderly people and the development of stents, the tendency to perform percutaneous procedures has increased, leading to an increased risk of complications known as major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). This study aimed to assess the association between demographic, laboratory, and angiographic findings and MACE in patients undergoing elective angiography.

This cross-sectional descriptive study enrolled 300 patients older than 18 scheduled for elective angiography in Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center between 2015 and 2016. Those who did not undergo stenting or needed surgery initially were excluded, leaving 207 patients. The demographic, laboratory, and angiographic data of these patients were collected, and they were then followed for 2 years.

During a mean follow-up of 24 months, MACE occurred in 20 (9.60%) patients, with 1 patient experiencing 2 events. There was significant relationships between older age (P = 0.01), the female gender (P < 0.0001), the body mass index (P < 0.0001), total cholesterol (P = 0.01), low-density lipoprotein (P = 0.001), high-density lipoprotein (P = 0.003), triglycerides (P = 0.014), hemoglobin (P = 0.004), lower glomerular filtration rates (P < 0.0001), higher post-angiography troponin I (P < 0.0001), and fasting blood sugar (P < 0.0001) and MACE. There were also relationships between the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and the number of diseased vessels (P = 0.047) and between the need for repeated revascularization and the number of vessels (P = 0.01).

As many MACE risk factors are modifiable, we suggest that patients with the aforementioned risk factors be monitored more closely after percutaneous coronary interventions to predict and prevent the incidence of MACE. (Iranian Heart Journal 2020; 21(4): 93-102)