Investigation the In Vitro and Bactericidal Properties of Magnesium and Copper Containing Bioactive Glasses

The study aimed to investigate the performance and evaluate the effect of incorporation of Cu and Mg on the structural, biological, and bactericidal properties of the sol-gel derived 58S bioactive glass containing Mg and Cu. The structural and morphological evaluations of the synthesized glasses were performed by the mean of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The effect of Cu and Mg content in the composition on the quality and quantity of in vitro bioactivity was examined by performing 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and alkaline phosphate (ALP) analysis. The antibacterial performance of Cu and Mg incorporated bioactive glasses were evaluated against MRSA bacteria. The results confirmed the formation of a hydroxyapatite layer on the glass surface. Adding copper and magnesium to the 58S bioactive glass composition increased cell activity and proliferation and improved antibacterial performance. The results suggest that BG-5/5 (including 5 mol % of both CuO and MgO) as the bioactive glass with the optimal amount of magnesium and copper in its composition.