Microbial methods effect on adsorption and reduction of Aflatoxin contamination in milk

One of the best and most important foods in the human diet is milk. So, the presence of nutritional compounds and the absence of harmful components is very remarkable. Mycotoxins are an important toxin in food and feed, they are produced by molds. The presence of mycotoxins in food is an emerging issue in the world. Among different types of mycotoxins, aflatoxins are so considerable. Different methods are used to reduce them, but the usage of microbial methods such as Lactic acid bacteria, probiotics, and yeasts is a beneficial strategy. The most studied microorganisms are lactic acid bacteria due to their natural presence in milk and also are known as a GRAS (generally recognized as safe) substances. It is noteworthy to mention that the bacterial cell walls are so important in binding ability. Also, parameters such as pH, temperature of incubation, type of starter, which is used in the product, concentration of microorganisms in milk, and the level of toxin can affect the efficiency of microorganisms. Hence, this review was aimed to investigate the results of studies about the effectiveness of microbial methods on the adsorption and reduction of aflatoxin in milk. Also compares the effect of microorganisms, influencing factors, and mechanisms of these methods.