Studying of Gene Expression Chalcone Synthase and ABA-8′ Hydroxylase Related to Early ripening In Yaghooti Grape of Sistan

The Yaghoot grape of Sistan is the earliest grape cultivar in Iran and its product is harvested at the end of May. The early ripening in grape is a desirable trait, because the product will be harvested before starting the warm and dry 120-day winds so it can escape the Sistan heat season. In this study, the expression pattern of two genes, Chalcone Synthase and ABA-8′ Hydroxylase, as transcription factors involved in the early ripening process of Yaghooti grape cultivar were investigated during different developmental stages. The leaf samples related to early ripening cultivars Red and White Yaghooti and late cultivars Fakhri and Cheshm-e-gavi and Sangi intermediate cultivar  as control treatment were studied during two development stages of grape clusters (filling and ripening the berries) using Real-time PCR method. The results of the expression changes of the studied genes showed a meaningful expression pattern in early cultivars compared by late cultivars during differnet developmental stages in grape clusters. The findings indicated that the ABA-8′ Hydroxylase gene was a transcription factor involved in the early ripening of the Sistan Yaghooti grape cultivar, and the Chalcone Synthase gene are playing an important role in ripening and changing the color of the berries.