Evaluation of fruit physicochemical and antioxidant characteristics of some wild grape in Northwest of Iran

The evaluation of wild grapes for breeding programs and introducing cultivars for special climatic conditions is very important. The aim of this study was to better understand the characteristics of wild grape genotypes in order to use in breeding programs. Twenty genotypes were collected in Sardasht and Piranshhar regions of the West Azerbaijan province and various attributes such as bunch, bunchlet, berry, seed and total antioxidant were measured. There is high variation in some traits, including length and width of bunch, bunch weight, length of peduncle and number of bunchlet. The flesh, peel and seed antioxidant capacity of the studied genotypes ranged from 15.53 to 71.53, 7.36 to 84.96 and 8.71 to 64 %, respectively. The bunch traits, including length and width of bunch significantly correlated with fruit traits such as length and width of berry, weight and size of the fruit. The eleven main factors were explained approximately 79.97% of the total variance. According to cluster analysis, genotypes were divided into three main groups. Genotypes in the first group had the highest flesh weight, skin thickness, TA, pH of juice, Hue and chroma values. The berry length and width, length of peduncle, number of seed, L* and a* had a significant role in separation of the second group. Genotypes in third group had a higher average number of bunchlet and length of bunchlet. The results obtained might be useful for breeding programs and introducing of new grape varieties.