A Discursive Approach to the Amergence of a Childhood and Adolescence in a Modern world

The thinkers in the field of childhood and adolescent studies are divided into two general groups, a group that believe in continuity in history, and another group, like Foucault, believes the history is a set of discontinuities. In this article, we aim to find out whether childhood and adolescence is a discursive phenomenon. The main objective is the discovery of the main mechanisms of the emergence of childhood in the modern world with the emphasis on the archeology of knowledge. The results indicate: first, Childhood Is a modern and discursive subject, second, Childhood is a discursive-historical phenomenon and three, like other discursive phenomena, Childhood is the product of the exclusion mechanism in the discourse of modernity. According to Foucault’s problematic discourse, we claim that childhood and adolescence are like madness and has a pre-history and post-history. In the pre-history period, we do not have a childhood phenomenon .A child is a modern phenomenon and most likely-under the influence of a variety of media-will disappear in the future.