A Study of Critical Realism in the Novels of "Brooklyn Heights", by Miral Al-Tahawi, and "Noch Land", by Kevan Arzaghi

Today in literary criticism, Critical realism as a literary school, which seeks to reflect the characteristics of human beings and social conditions as they appear in social life, has a special place in fictional literature. Miral al-Tahawi, a powerful storyteller, and Keyvan Arzaghi, one of the emerging novelists of the last decade, have explained the realities of their society especially the phenomenon of immigration in their two novels "Brooklyn Heights" and "Noah Land". A-Tahaawi and Arzaghi, in their novels, speak of two different worlds and the problems of immigrants in both lands and depict socioeconomic conditions and cultural differences in both eastern and western societies. Considering the necessity to address the phenomenon of migration and its apparent and hidden negative impacts on the communities from which it immigrates, this study uses a descriptive-analytical method to examine the comparative study of two novels in the field of social, cultural and economic subject and the challenges that immigrants face. Results show that both works have many similarities in terms of subject and characters, having focused more on cultural differences than other subjects and having highlighted the problems of immigrants from both lands. Besides focusing on illustrating the impact of economic issues on migration, Arzaghi has concentrated more on portraying the wandering state between tradition and modernity and Tahawi has concentrated on expressing the problems of immigrants, especially the suffering of immigrant women in the West. Thus, both novels provide a critical image of social reality that meets the criteria of critical realism.