Relation between Couples' Blood Group and RH with Abortions in women of reproductive age: A Case-Control Study

Abortion is a common complication of pregnancy. Understanding the factors affecting abortion plays an important role in preventing and improving pregnancy outcomes. Since the relationship between parents' blood group and RH in the incidence of abortion is controversial, this study was performed with aim to investigate the relationship between parents' blood group and abortion in pregnant mothers in Gonabad.

This case-control study was performed in 2019 on 450 pregnant women referring to the sonography clinics of Gonabad in two groups of abortion and healthy pregnancy less than 20 weeks. Blood groups of the subjects and their spouses were evaluated. The tools included a checklist of personal and midwifery information and the use of cell type method (tube method) to determine the blood group of individuals. Data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software (version 20) and Chi-square, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance and logistic regression. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

According to the findings, the most common blood type in all women was O (case group 30% and control group 63.33%) and the most common blood type in their husbands (case group 21.33% and control group 32.33%). Blood group AB was the lowest blood group in mothers (case group 14% and control group 32.66%) and fathers (case group 14% and control group 16%) The risk of spontaneous abortion was higher in women with blood type A than other ABO blood groups (p <0.05). The most common Rh blood group in women was Rh positive (77.3% in mothers in the case group and 82.33% in the control group). Also, the most common Rh blood group in fathers was Rh-positive (88% in the fathers of the case group and 6% in the control group). No association was found between abortion and parental RH. ABO blood incompatibility between parents was associated with the risk of spontaneous abortion (p <0.001).

ABO blood incompatibility between parents is associated with the risk of spontaneous abortion. The risk of spontaneous abortion in women with blood group A is higher than in other ABO blood groups. Parental RH is not associated with abortion.