From Islamic Sufism to Western Surrealism (A Critical Approach to Mysticism and Surrealism)

Surrealism was a reaction of the contemporary man to the loss of modern human identity. Beware of the bitter truths that modern scientific and civilized civilization brought to modern man. But Islamic mysticism is a radical and epistemic redefinition of the universe based on religion that requires a cognitive perspective with the aid of knowledge and intuition in identifying the constituent elements of religion.It is based on the connection to the world of truth.So there is a difference between the mystical love-intuitive look and the surrealist materialist one.This research is intended to critique the viewpoints that have examined the issue of Islamic-Iranian mysticism with the components of the Western Surrealist school or attempted to find commonalities between the two.In recent years,numerous articles in prestigious journals have been published in two aspects about the proof of the surrealist influence of Islamic mysticism and its analysis of its components in ancient mystical texts. Surrealism has principles such as dream, illusion,imagination,autobiography,objective coincidence, insanity and madness,wonder and magic that have obvious differences with the characteristics and concepts of the mystical-Islamic school.n fact,though, there are formal and transverse similarities between mystical and surrealist works. The differences that arise in the realm of intuitive imagination,dignity,truth,reality,the essence of being, and apathy.The results of this descriptive-analytical study based on documentary studies show that the relation between mysticism and surrealism was first put forward by the poet Ali Ahmad Sa'id (Edonis) and then he was expanded in Iran by Brahani and Fathani expansions have.