Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles for Using as Antibacterial Materials

Nowadays, researchers need to produce eco-friendly nanoparticles through synthetic methods without using toxic and hazardous chemicals. Environmental pollutions, such as chemical and physical contaminants can be produced by various chemical and physical processes during nanoparticle production. Therefore, researchers have made many efforts to synthesize eco-friendly Nano-materials using enzymes, microorganisms, and plant extracts. In recent years, along with using genetic engineering for producing GM plants tolerant to pests, due to their low environmental risks and biosafety issues, synthesizing of Nano-metals using plant extracts has been considered by researchers. Plant extracts contain reducing agents that can reduce the metal salts to their ions. Moreover, the synthesis of nanoparticles using plant extracts could be considered as a simple, cost effective, and environmentally friendly approach. In the present review paper, we discuss various green and eco-friendly methods using different plant extracts to produce silver, gold, copper, and iron nanoparticles as antibacterial materials.