Islamic theory; Definition and methodology of theorizing

Theorizing and analyzing its process is one of the issues in the field of science. In this article, by analyzing the theory, the nature of Islamic theorizing is discussed. Recognizing Islamic theory and explaining it is the basis of research. Based on this analysis, Islamic theory is presented on two levels: theories extracted from verses and hadiths and theories of Muslim thinkers. The first type, which forms the basis of Islamic theory, can be designed in three areas: (1) intra-religious issues, (2) interdisciplinary issues, and (3) issues belonging to a specific field of science. In this article, by presenting some definitions of theory, a comprehensive definition of theory is retold and the monopoly of the definition of theory based on empirical criteria is criticized. It is possible to present different Islamic theories in science by using the methodology belonging to different fields of sciences, with the specific aim of explaining religious teachings. This article is designed in three parts: (1) what Islamic theory is, (2) analysis of Islamic theory and the process of making theory, and (3) presentation of two types of Islamic moral theory in the form of a case study.