Association of Peer Support and Parent-Child Interaction with Subjective Well-Being through the Mediation of Self-Efficacy Beliefs in Students with Hearing Impairment

Subjective well-being is considered as one of the most important indicators of adolescents’ health. The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of self-efficacy beliefs in the causal relationships of peer support and parent-child interaction with the subjective well-being of students with hearing impairment in Kermanshah city in 2019.

The study was a descriptive correlation performed employing path analysis. The statistical population comprised 268 girl students with hearing impairment in Kermanshah city, 146 of which were selected as the sample using stratified random sampling. In the present research, we utilized Ryff ’s Psychological Well-Being Scales, the Peer Support Questionnaire, Child-Parent Relationship Scale, and Self-Efficacy Beliefs Questionnaire.

The mean±SD of subjective well-being, peer support, parent-child interaction, and self-efficacy beliefs were respectively 53.10±23.86, 47.72±13.51, 101.20±23.78, and 43.20±12.96. A direct and positive association was observed between peer support and subjective well-being (β=0.167, P=0.0001), peer support and self-efficacy beliefs (β=0.398, P=0.0001), parent-child interaction and self-efficacy beliefs (β=0.544, P=0.0001), and between self-efficacy beliefs and subjective well-being (β=0.429, P=0.0001). The results of path analysis indicated that self-efficacy beliefs played a mediating role in the association between peer support (β=0.177, P=0.0001) and parent-child interaction (β=0.193, P=0.0001) with subjective well-being.

According to our results, the proposed model was of good efficiency. Accordingly, by strengthening and improving peer support relationships, parent-child interaction and self-efficacy beliefs can improve the subjective well-being of deaf adolescents.