The effect of free play and game design on basic motor skills, self-efficacy, pleasure and motivation of preschool children

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of free play and designed game on basic motor skills, self-efficacy, pleasure and motivation of preschool children. For this purpose, 45 children with an age range of 4 to 6 years were selected as a sample.

After selecting the sample of basic motor skills pre-test (TGMD3 test), enjoyment of physical activity (Moore et al., 2001), self-efficacy (Wood et al., 2007) and motivation (CMMQ questionnaire) were performed. Participants were then divided into three groups: free play, planned play and control. The intervention protocol for the experimental groups included 16 45-minute training sessions. During this period, the control group was not active and after the last training session, a post-test was performed and the results were recorded.

The results of analysis of covariance showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of basic motor skills, self-efficacy, motivation and enjoyment of physical activity in terms of group membership (experimental and control groups). Also, the results of Bernafroni post hoc test showed that the purposeful and free game group performed better.

According to the research results, play can be used as a useful intervention to help children's motor and mental development.