The study of Sources in the same Stories of Shahname Naqalan and Ferdowsi's Shahname

Until today, Most scholars consider these scrolls as rooted in oral tradition and belonging to oral literature. The present thesis will argue against this position and will present evidence to support this opposition. It appears that these prose Shāhnāmehs (Tūmārs) relied on ancient sources. In addition, there is no document to prove the continuity of the chain of oral narration of these narrations. This paper, by searching in ancient written epic sources, and compare them to Zariri’s narrations, indicate that Zariri, had six major and written sources in narrating the stories of his scroll: (1) Ferdowsi’s Shāhnāmeh. (2) Pre-Ferdowsi Shāhnāmehs-- directly or indirectly. (3) Early historical sources. (4) Epic poems. (5) Interesting narratives of adjacent countries and regions. (6) a collection of written sources that Zariri had collected to write his scroll. Accordingly, it is necessary to doubt the absolute knowledge of the sources and intermediaries of the narrations of this scroll in the stories which is shared with Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh.