Causal model design and analysis of environmental criteria in the steel industry with fuzzy cognitive mapping approach (FCM)

Environmental pollution is a serious threats to global warming and human health, and most industries, especially the steel industry, are sources of environmental pollution, so reducing and controlling pollution from this industry has become particularly important in recent studies. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the environmental criteria of Yazd steel industry in order to provide a causal model and analyze the relationships between them. In this study, first, by studying the thematic literature using the content analysis approach, the criteria that had a very low number of repetitions were removed from the list and interviewed with steel industry experts to localize and identify more practical criteria and 36 final environmental criteria were selected. A questionnaire was used to collect data and its validity and reliability were confirmed. Finally, a fuzzy cognitive mapping approach has been used to investigate the intensity of relationships and how the criteria affect and model design, and each of the criteria has been analyzed within the framework of this model. Accordingly, the criteria of green marketing, environmental design and environmental performance have the most influentiality, respectively, and the criteria of green marketing, green warehouse and building and environmental performance have the most impressionability in this industry, respectively.