Sustainable City with Emphasizing on Urban TransportManagement and Traffic Reduction Strategies with a Glanceat Tehran Metropolis

Every week world urban areas gain another one million people. nowadays cities asthe settlements of over fifty percent of world's populations face many challenges likeair pollutions, noises, traffic congestions, stresses and so on. this trend threat bothhuman´s life quality and environment quality. ideal city for citizen´s life is sustainablecity in which improvement in the quality of human life is achieved in harmony withimproving and maintaining the health of ecological systems. In this city life isdesirable and increased quality of life, less conflicts, more effective economy, socialprogress and … are main advantages of these cities. There are many Barriers forCreating Sustainable Cities and one more important of them is weak urban transportsystems and traffic congestion. Traffic congestion in cities has social, economic andecological effects. On the other hand these three factors (social, economy and ecology)are the pillars of sustainable development. therefore inadequate management of urbantransport systems so existence of traffic congestion in cities is an important barrier ofcreating sustainable city. access to sustainable city requires a shift towards sustainableurban transport. sustainable transport is a term used to describe those modes oftransport which are not primarily associated with the use of non-renewable energyresources for the transport of individuals without causing a deterioration in the qualityof urban life. Nowadays Tehran as the biggest city and Capital of our country hasmany problems and barriers to be a sustainable city . high increasing in population,centralization, uncontrolled development, Air pollution, traffic congestion, accidentsand so on are some of these problems. Air pollution is the most importantenvironmental problem of Tehran which is caused mainly by motor vehicles. Motorvehicles produce 60-80% of pollution in this city. low price of fuel, low quality ofgasoline, large number of old cars, very high price of vehicles, Tehran's geographicposition, high dependency on private passenger car, improperly enforced driving andtraffic rules and finally lack of harmonious management are the most important factorsthat caused non-sustainable transport system is used in the city and as a result Tehran is an unsuitable place for living . in order to avoid this unsuitable situation changing ofTehran to a sustainable city it is necessary to support comprehensive models ofsustainable transport that are suitable with special conditions of our country andTehran city. one of these models is mooted in this study and there is no doubt aboutthat it is impossible to achieve urban sustainability in Tehran without attention inspecial consideration associated with our country .