The Critique and Analysis of the Phrase "If the Beginning of Surah had been Sent Down in Mecca, it had been Written Meccan," on the Emergence of the Exceptional Verses

According to the phrase "If the beginning of Surah had been sent down" some commentators believe in the emergence of the exceptional verses. While the exceptional verses are due to the confusion between Meccan and Medinan criteria, because of fake descent or subsequent adaptations that have since been interpreted as descent, misinterpretation of some verses of the Holy Quran throughout the history of interpretation. In determining the Meccan and Medinan verses and Surahs, the commentators consider four criteria including time, place, subject and addressee. If the criterion is based on time, the verses related to the Jews, even if they were revealed in Mecca, are considered as Meccan, and if the criterion is on the subject and the addressee, the same verses are called Medinan, such as verse 20: Cattle (Al-Ana’m). Quoting singly, Ersale Sanad and weak and abandoned hadith narrators of the mentioned phrase are among the most important weaknesses of the phrase. Existence of narrations from Shiite Imams about the revelation of Bismillah at the beginning of the surah and assigning all verses between two Bismillahs to one surah is another reason for invalidating the above phrase, though the concept of continuous revelation of Surahs from the narrators of the above phrase has also been expressed. In this research, one of the principles and causes of the emergence of exceptional verses has been criticized descriptively-analytically. And as an example, the exceptional verses of Surah Muzamel were reviewed.