The Analysis of the Arabic Translation of “The Reciprocal Services between Islam and Iran” by Motahhari Based on the Garces Theory (1994)

Criticism and evaluation of translation is an important part of translation work that leads to its growth and completion. Garces's theory is a theory that is organized in order to recognize the quality of translations and analyze the quality of translated texts. This theory is an effective framework for criticizing the quality of translations. One of the prominent books in the field of history, culture, and politics is Motahari's book "The Reciprocal Services between Islam and Iran" translated into Arabic and entitled "Islam and Iran” by Yousefi Gharavi. This research aims to study and critique the Arabic translation of this book, based on the four levels of semantic - lexical, syntax - inflectional, discursive - functional, and stylistic-practical, with a descriptive-analytical method. The results show that this translation, given the more negative points, is only sufficient and not acceptable. The translator has been more successful at both the "semantic-lexical" and "syntactic-morphological" levels than other levels of Garcés’ model. The "discourse-functional" and "stylistic-practical" levels need to be reconsidered. The results show that the translation has examples of descriptive translation. One of the main disadvantages of translation is disruptive and inappropriate omissions that go beyond deleting words and sentences and include deleting paragraphs and even deleting lots of pages from the book. In addition to the phenomenon of deletion, we see the phenomenon of excessive expansion or eloquence, which sometimes leads to distortion of the text.