Indigenous and Universal Sciences Approach in Iran and The Necessities of Interaction Between Them

Currently the structure and organization of science in the country, more than anytime is facing the important challenge of the two main approaches of universal and indigenous sciences. The examination and verbal introduction of this subject matter goes back to ancient past including in the works of Ikhwān Al-Safā; (also known as The Brethren of Sincerity)in the 5th century AH in Islam and by extensive explanation about the geography of knowledge in the introduction of their epistle. For various reasons, this subject was not the focus of attention in vocal and philosophical studies for centuries. Research about different aspects of science in Iran from the viewpoint of sociological and epistemological analysis go back to years before the Islamic Revolution. In recent decades, different factors have led to increasing tendency towards establishing and developing local science; it has also enhanced the challenges of it use in global science. The lack of sustainable development in the country, chaos in its   system performance, deficiency of modern science’s policy making in decreasing national dilemma, skepticism about the effectiveness of modern science theories with regard to complicated social and cultural structure of the country, as well as a combination of cultural resistance alongside sub-cultures that contrast with modern science foundations, have led to the evolvement and acceptance of domestic science ideas or in other words the domestication of science. This is despite the fact that the common-known characteristic of science, whether in the ancient world or modern times, has been its ultra-time and ultra-location nature; or in other words it is said that the science space follows a universal scale in its perception and analysis. In this approach, science is free of specifying any production capability location, acceptance, distribution and application in the universal geography. The subject of this article, is an analytic and critical study of aspects and directions of each of the mentioned approaches in an epistemological process. In other words, the aim of this study is to analyze and examine the contrasting aspects of these two sides of science as well as scrutinizing possible strategies in building of indigenous epistemology in interaction with universal science space.