Factors affecting the empowerment of border guards in combating smuggling of goods (Case study: Border guards of Kurdistan province).

Considering that NAJA, as the main custodian of the fight against smuggling of goods in the country, is responsible for identifying, detecting and dealing with smuggling of goods.Therefore, this study aims to identify and enumerate the factors affecting the empowerment of border guards in the fight against trafficking and in order to increase the capacity,effectiveness and efficiency of staff.The present study is applied in terms of purpose, in terms of type, quantitatively and in terms of nature. The statistical population of the present study includes employees working in the border headquarters of Kurdistan province and related areas, which is a total of 120 people, as the volume of this study. Data collection tool was done by setting a researcher-made questionnaire. The findings indicate that in the dimension of individual factors in order (reducing greed and extravagance - solving financial problems - promoting beliefs and strengthening adherence to religious standards); In the dimension of organizational factors (preventing long-term presence in border units - providing the facilities needed by the units in order to prevent dependence on indigenous people - employing committed managers); In the dimension of external factors (preventing the activities of organized trafficking gangs - decisive treatment of smugglers by the judiciary and security authorities - reducing economic problems and eliminating poverty and unemployment of border residents); Factors affecting the ability of border guards to combat trafficking. The results indicate that (respectively) external factors, internal factors and then individual factors are effective in empowering border guards to combat goods smuggling.