Evaluation the effects of Zinc and Iron elements in nano form on grain yield and growth traits of pinto bean under water deficit stress

In order to evaluate the effects of irrigation levels and foliar application with Zinc and Iron elements in nano form on grain yield and growth traits of pinto bean, an experiment was designed as a split factorial design based on randomized complete blocks with three replications in the experimental station of Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Tabriz, Iran during for 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 growing season. Irrigation conditions (normal irrigation and water deficit stress in 50% flowering) were arranged in the main plots and experimental factors (nano-fertilizers and cultivar s) in the sub-plots. Factors experiment were included foliar application of nano-fertilizers in four levels [without foliar application (control), foliar application of nano Zn (1.5 g L–1), foliar application of nano Fe (2 g L–1) and foliar application of nano Fe+Zn (2+1.5 g L–1] and four cultivars of pinto bean (Sadri, Coosha, Cos 16 and Ghaffar). The results showed that water deficit decreased grain yield, 100-seed weight, number seeds per pod and number pod per plant traits of pinto bean but, the application of Zinc and Iron elements in nano form could moderate the effects of water deficit stress. The highest of 100-Seed weight was observed in Saddri cultivar which had no significant difference with Ghaffar cultivar. Coosha and Cos 16 cultivars were after Sadri and Ghaffar cultivars. In both normal and water deficit conditions, the highest number of seeds per pod, grain yield and number of pods per plant were observed in Cos 16 cultivar. Also, the study of mean comparisons interaction showed that the application of Zinc and Iron elements in nano form had the great effect on number of seeds per pod, grain yield and number of pods per plant in all cultivar s in water deficit stress condition. Therefore, it was conducted that the foliar application of Zinc and Iron fertilizers can be useful in pinto bean cultivars under water deficit stress condition.