The Psychological Manifestations of Myths in the Poetry of Ahmad Shamloo and Amal Abul-Qassem Donqol; An Analysis Based on Jung's Principle of Opposites

According to Jung's principle of opposites, opposites are one of the most important factors in the growth and flourishing of personality in the collective unconscious. In addition to causing changes in personality structure, opposites motivate all human behavior and are source of all the psychic energy. According to this psychological principle, a person who suffers from psychological stress, tries to relieve voluntarily his/her stress and move towards perfection. By using analytical-comparative method and with the aim of showing the function of psychic energy in mythological characters, the present article tries to study the degree of impressionability of poets such as Ahmad Shamloo and Amal Abul-Qassem Donqol from myths. The results show that in the face of the misfortunes and failures of the world around them, these two modernist poets have used the technique of mask (persona) and have depicted the mythological characters; in this way, they have masterfully created new myths in their poems under the influence of ancient myths