The effect of mathematical education based on TPACK model on changing teachers' beliefs

Teachers 'beliefs and ideological structures are one of the main axes of educational research in order to achieve reforms in teachers' teaching methods. There have been several experimental studies on the beliefs of math teachers that have helped to conceptualize and define beliefs and convictions. In a study titled "Developing Teachers 'Beliefs Through Online Education: A One-Year Experience of Teachers' and Scientific Teachers 'Beliefs in Learning and Teaching" by Wong, Wong showed that teachers' beliefs in using online education are influenced by the years of teaching. Skemp, In his study introduced two types of beliefs about mathematics: instrumental mathematics and relational mathematics. Mohammadi and Mosalaei, in a study entitled "Assessing the Beliefs of Selected Math Teachers in the Country Based on Their Demographic-Cognitive Characteristics" showed that teachers' beliefs about the process of updating their professional competencies in teaching increased; Their responsibility for their professional behavior increases. With the advent of new technologies, math teachers have also turned their attention to using a new framework to integrate technology knowledge with pedagogical knowledge and content knowledge. The main aim of the current study was examining the effect of mathematical education on the basis of the content-pedagogical and technological model (TPACK) on changing the beliefs of high school teachers regarding the rate of application of mathematical education software in the teaching process.

The researcher used a semi-experimental two-way pre-test and post-test method to observe the changing beliefs of teachers before and after the implementation of a workshop training in software. The statistical population of this study is all high school math teachers of North Khorasan rovince. Based on Cochran's formula, 73 of them were selected by cluster sampling and were divided into two groups: control (n=33) and experiment (n=40). The standard questionnaire used in this research was made by Zambak (2014), based on the theoretical framework. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and covariance analysis was used to test the research hypothesis.

The results of statistical analysis of this study showed that the holding of a mathematical training workshop using GeoGebra in the form of a "content-pedagogical and technological model (TPACK)" has had a positive impact on the beliefs of high school math teachers about using modern technologies in education. The study's findings also show that some math teachers, while adopting technology as a useful teaching tool for classrooms; But they are concerned about misplaced technology interference in the understanding of a mathematical subject and, therefore, are not encouraged to use technology in their classroom, and allow it only as an informal educational activity.

According to the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the development of knowledge and change of math teachers' beliefs about using up-to-date technologies in mathematics teaching based on school facilities and limitations of educational organizations in different provinces of the country is very important. It is suggested that the decision makers in this field, by discovering and identifying talented teachers in different parts of the country, offer short-term and long-term training to enhance their ability to improve the overall level of mathematics teachers in the country.