A Critical Review of Arabic Translation of Hãfiz's 10th Lyric Gazelle by Ibrãhym al Shüarãby due Lefevere's Rewriting Perspective

Ibrãhym al Shüarãby was the first Arabic translator to translate Hãfiz's lyrics and he became well known with the song of Shiraz and the lyrics of Hãfiz Shirãzy. This prose work, which also includes a poetic composition in the translation of some lyrics, such as the 10th lyric, is influenced by the limitations that translator André Lefevere says in her rewriting view. In this view, he considers translation as a kind of rewriting in which extra-systemic and intra-systemic limitations, ideology and poetics are effective. With a descriptive-analytical approach, this research tries to study the Arabic translation of the poem and prose of Shüarãby from the 10th lyric of Hãfiz due to Lefevere's intended limitations. The final result of this research, on the one hand, shows the effect of Lefevere's ideological limitation in Shüarãby's translation, with his mystical attitude in rewriting this lyric and equating monastic symbols, “pyr”,“miykhãnih”,“kharãbãt”, ”khãniyh khammãr” and on the other hand, he expresses poetic limitation which leads Shüarãby to conceptually rewriting and manipulate sound, music, and the literary tools. The manifestations of Lefevere's view can be seen in Shüarãby 's rewriting in the form of separate translations of poems and prose, increasing and decreasing some words, inverting the use of structures, the shape and material of pronouns, and inverting the pseudonym or omitting it. Shüarãby is both affected by the mentioned limitations and by choosing special strategies in his rewriting, he appears as a controlling factor.