Anchor Nodes Optimized Positioning for Nodes Self-Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks need primal information like location of the nodes to start working and sending environment data. One method for setting a sensor network in a battlefield is to drop them from helicopter or to fire from artillery. It will cost a lot to Equip all network nodes with GPS. So to reduce these costs, only a few of nodes called anchor nodes are equipped with gps. Location of nodes are estimated by using belief propagation algorithm with measuring distance between nodes (with use of recieved signal strength) and location information of anchor nodes. Since the cost of anchor nodes is reletively high,their number is important. also position of anchor nodes affects algorithms error. In this paper, by using multi-objective algorithms with two objectives of error reduction and anchor nodes number reduction, position and number of anchor nodes are determined. results show that by using this methond, a few solutions are provided which are better than similar algorithms in terms of error reduction and energy consumption.