Relationship between Public and Private Investment in Iran (Analyzing the Crowding-Out or Crowding-In Effects)

The main objective of this paper is to analyze empirically the effects of public investment on private investment, evaluating the existence of crowding-out/-in effects, in Iran for the 1970-2019 periods. I evaluate the macroeconomic effects of public and private investment through VECM analysis. From impulse response functions, we are able to assess the extent of crowding-in or crowding-out of both components of investment. I also compute the associated macroeconomic rates of return of public and private investment for Iran Economy. The results point to the existence of positive effects of public and private investment on output. On the other hand, results show the crowding-in effects of public investment on private investment. Based on these results, it is suggested that the government provide the conditions for private investment by creating infrastructure, helping to finance investment projects and creating a secure economic environment.
I also compute the associated macroeconomic rates of return of public and private investment for Iran Economy. The results point to the existence of positive effects of public and private investment on output. On the other hand, results show the crowding-in effects of public investment on private investment.