Comparative Study of Territorial Waters and its governing requirements in the Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea and the Convention on the Law of the Sea

Five Coastal states of the Caspian Sea signed the Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea On August 12, 2018. This Convention has recognized region of the territorial waters in its Article 5. The provisions governing territorial waters has considered in Articles 6, 7, 10, 11 and 13 of the Convention. The purpose of this article is to determine and clarify the rights and obligations of coastal states through a comparative study of territorial waters and its governing requirements in the Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea and the Convention on the Law of the Sea. With regard to that the present article can determine the coordinates of the action of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the region, the matter of Comparative Study of Territorial Waters in the Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea and the Convention on the Law of the Sea has located at the center of gravity of this research. The present study is a descriptive-analytical method to answer the question of how are the rights and requirements governing territorial waters in the Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea in comparison with the Convention on the Law of the Sea? The results of this study show that the Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea has adopted three approaches in comparison with the Convention on the Law of the Sea. In the first approach, the Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea has taken initiatives. In the second approach, the Convention has approved the provisions of the Convention on the Law of the Sea and in the third approach, the Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea, contrary to the Convention on the Law of the Sea, has dealt with legal matters from a position of silence.