Investigating the Jurisprudential Consequences of the Hadith of Women’s Ruling in the Five Jurisprudential Schools

The hadith Oلن یفلح قوم ولوا امرهم امراهP (A nation can not acquire salvation if its ruler is a woman.) is one of the influential hadiths in the five jurisprudential schools and one of the issues related to the guardianship [wilayat] and ruling of women. This article has answered the question with the descriptive-analytical method and with the historical approach of the sources, what has been the effect of this hadith throughout history on the percepts [fatwas] of the jurists of the five schools? The main purpose of this research is to study the course of the entry of this hadith and its jurisprudential consequences in the five schools. The results of the research indicate that the hadith entered the Hanafi school in the ninth century and had little effect on their jurisprudential inference. In the seventh century, it entered the Hanbali jurisprudential books and in the sixth century it entered the Maliki and Shafi’i schools and the schools have benefited from the hadith in strengthening the refusing women’s guardianship [wilayat]. This narration also entered the sect of the Twelver Shiite narration in the sixth century and was used only in the prohibition of women’s judgment.