Investigation of the effect of mining activities on estimation quantitative boundary of Haraz River

Destruction of the riverbed and activities in the river area, including mining activities, road construction, non-standard bridges, etc., often increase the risk of floods. Due to importance of this issue in the present study, the effect of mining activities on determination of channel boundary of Haraz River, (Noorrud junction to Kelerd forest area as a given reach) has been investigated with a length of 40 km. In this regard, to study changes in river mineral activity levels during the years 1985 to 2021 from satellite images, to simulate the hydraulic behavior of the river from the HEC-RAS hydraulic model and to compare changes in river area during the study period the DLSRS model were used. Thus, satellite data with visual interpretation techniques were used to determine the level of mining activities. Then, a 1: 2000 scale topographic map of the riverbed in the HEC-GeoRAS (GIS) extension and the HEC-RAS model was used to simulate the hydraulic behavior of the river. Finally, by estimating the five parameters of the DLSRS model, the quantitative values ​​of the river at 10-year intervals were determined in the period 1300-1399. The results of changes in the levels of mining activities indicate geometric changes of the bed of the given reach such as displacement and narrowing process. The results of the study of the factors of channel boundary changes also showed that increasing human activities and changing the river flow regime increase the quantitative boundary of the channel. The results also showed that during the last century, the level of mines in the study area has increased from 3.35 to 13.57 ha in 2021, the maximum development of which has been since 2011. As a result, the quantitative area of the river has increased from 9 m in 1922 to 17 m in 2021.